Functional tests are clinical examination techniques that use a defined movement, position or load to specifically test a particular structure, joint or movement pattern. They complement history taking, inspection and movement testing within the physiotherapy assessment.
Functional tests are usually rated as positive, negative or inconclusive, often based on pain provocation, reproduction of symptoms or measurable change in function. Examples include orthopaedic tests of the shoulder, knee and spine as well as functional screening tests for movement quality. Their informative value depends on the sensitivity and specificity of the test.