Muscle tension refers to painful hardening of the muscles caused by a sustained increase in the tone of a muscle. It occurs particularly often in the neck, shoulders and back and can lead to pain, restricted movement and tenderness to pressure.
The causes are varied and often a consequence of our modern, sedentary lifestyle. Lack of exercise, poor posture, overload, stress, anxiety or tension can promote its development. Poor sleep or an unfavourable body position can also be triggers.
Physiologically, muscle tension involves a sustained shortening of the muscle without the necessary relaxation phase. This restricts circulation, inflammatory processes can develop, and the pain receptors become increasingly irritable.
Physiotherapy uses various treatment approaches to release muscle tension and ease pain. These include massage, heat or cold applications, stretching exercises and relaxation techniques such as breathing exercises or progressive muscle relaxation. Correcting posture and regular exercise are also important for achieving long-term relief.
How long muscle tension lasts varies from person to person. Symptoms usually disappear within a few days or weeks but can also persist longer. If complaints persist or increase, a doctor or physiotherapist should be consulted to ensure the right treatment.